Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Meena Gnanasekharan
Reach Psychiatry, India
Keynote: Gender differences and variability in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Time : 10:00-10:45
Biography:
Meena Gnanasekharan is an American Board Certified Psychiatrist, practicing Child, Adolescent and Adult Psychiatry. She has studied her MBBS at Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Adult Psychiatry Residency at University of South, Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship at University of South Dakota, School Of Medicine. She specializes in the treatment of Mood Disorders (Major Depressive disorders and the Bipolar Spectrum), and Anxiety Disorders (including phobias, OCD and Social Anxiety disorders). She combines her knowledge and experience with empathy and applies an integrative model of treating the mind, body and spirit for optimal effectiveness
Abstract:
Introduction: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation also known as repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive out-patient procedure of brain stimulation, which uses a pulsed magnetic field to stimulate specific areas of the brain that are known to affect the mood.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the gender differences and variability in the effect of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty two females and twenty one males with Adult ADHD were selected from ReACH Psychiatry, a private clinical setting based in Bangalore, India.
Methods: The data was collected from the two groups using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). They were evaluated before and after rTMS using PHQ-9 scores and which were further statistically analysed. The data collected was subjected to a descriptive statistical analysis.
Results: The means, standard deviation, T-test analysis were done to obtain the results. The results reveal that males and females show an equal response to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
However, females with ADHD show higher variability than males.
Keynote Forum
Saad Omar Al-Khateeb
Jeddah Psychiatric Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Keynote: Child sexual abuse in the Saudi society "the taboo"
Time : 10:45-11:30
Biography:
Saad Omar Al-Khateeb is a senior child & Adolescent psychiatric consultant, trained in united kingdom. Examination Board in psychiatry, Diploma in child psychiatry for oversees doctor London University, Sept 1989. One of the founder of the Saudi board in psychiatry (post graduate degree). Member of the scientific committee of the Saudi psychiatric international conference.
Abstract:
Objectives: To stress the importance of this sensitive issue in our conservative society and to highlight the role of medical professional in the prevention and management of this particular problem.
Method: Saudi Arabia is a developing nation; children (less than 18) constitutes more than 60% of the population. According to Child Maltreatment Prevention Readiness Assessment Country Report: Saudi Arabia has an unexpected low score in the attitude towards prevention of child maltreatment. Child sexual abuse is a phenomena that occur worldwide the prevalence in Arabic or Islamic country is expected to be lower due to the hypocrisy in some Muslim countries ; but the reverse is also likely.
Results: Applying the pragmatic definition of child sexual abuse in our over-emotionally expressed society might give a higher rate of abuse. One unsound field survey claims that more than half of Saudi children in one area had been subjected to different type of sexual abuse using western definition of sexual abuse. Different Case report of reported child abuse in hospital based data report that more than 30% of the different type of abuse is sexual. Different predisposing factor has emerged that had a detrimental effect e.g. the use of nonprofessional nannies and car driver and the use of non-supervised internet. Preventative measure had started lately but we hope this measure will influence child sexual education & protection in the nearer future. Practical aspect of dealing with victims of child sexual abuse in our area will be highlighted in the limited but supervised work of our team including breaking the news and the use of supportive and play therapy.
- Mental Health and Wellbeing | Psychiatry & Mental Health Nursing | Womens Mental Health | Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder | Suicide and Self-harm | Addiction Psychiatry | Schizophrenia | Psychiatry Psychoneuroendocrinology | Mental Health & Rehabilitation | Behavioral Neuroscience | Pharmacotherapy Child Psychology
Location: Madrid
Chair
Meena Gnanasekharan
Reach Psychiatry, India
Session Introduction
Reine Flore Bouyap
University of Yaounde I, Cameroon
Title: Accident victims experiences in Yaounde, Cameroon and EMDR contribution
Time : 12:00-12:35
Biography:
Reine Flore Bouyap is a Clinical Psychologist at the CNRPH, EMDR level 2 psychotherapist at the Institut Français d’ EMDR, Behavioral Cognitive Therapist (BCT) in training. She is a PhD student in Clinical and Psychopathology at the University of Yaounde I. Her Research theme focuses on the burden of family caregivers of Alzheimer's patients and adjustment strategies. She has worked for three years with children with special needs, four months with Central African refugees, works at the CNRPH since 2016 with accident victims, with parents associations of children with disabilities, wrote an article currently being published with UCAC on disability.
Abstract:
As part of our clinical psychology activities at CNRPH (National Center for the Rehabilitation of People with Disabilities), we conducted clinical interviews with patients who were victim of various forms of accident (public roads, railways, gunshots, brain vascular accidents (Stroke), medullary compression, poly myositis ....). We remarked that more than 90% of these patients presented various forms of psychopathology related either to their accident or to their past such as: Depression, Anxiety Depressive Disorders (ADD), Acute Stress, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) etc. For their care, we evaluated them with Connor and Davidson 1997 SPRINT test (recent trauma scale). This evaluation allowed us to set up therapeutic projects with EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) combined with relaxation. Thanhort 40 clinical cases in Yaoundé, Cameroon, we were able to verify that EMDR psychotherapy combined with relaxation is a useful care tool for the management of injured patients.
For most cases, the first session of EMDR was very satisfactory. The results are astonishing: Noticed the VOC (truth scale) of 12 patients rose to 7 and their Subjective Units of Discomfort (SUD) went down to 2 at the end of the first session of EMDR. For the other 28 patients, the VOC gradually rose during the sessions to reach 7 at the sixth session with an economic SUD at 1 and for good reason, their experiences sometimes traumatic in childhood. Six sessions were enough to cure these patients.
Melihat Aggul
Ataturk Education and Research Hospital Community Mental Health Service, Turkey
Title: The sound of lost souls: Short film illustration
Time : 12:35-13:10
Biography:
Melihat Aggul was born in 1966 at Izmir. She studied primary school at Kiraz, and health college in Izmir. She had two-years degree at Anatolian University.
She took office at 1985 and have been working at Atatürk Education and Research Hospital Community Mental Health Service for 3 years. She had Psychiatric Nursing Certificate of Ministry of Health in 2018. She had 5 different short-films which she created the scenario and production.
Abstract:
Sound of the lost souls was made by volunteer young friends outside the health area with three clients. The name of the film was designated by clients. Stigma was also important in term of work. The end of the film they were affected who are the relatives of the family. They stated that the first time they were considered important themselves by another people. In the film they mentioned about what they did when the day was starting. It was a three different life. Their cultural characteristic and gender were different from each other. They were live in the metropolis. They shared to what they lived within community. They were in communication with community mental health center. Their hobbies were different. Mostly they had a mother. The mother of the family members who cared for chronic diseases. Frequently, the clients complained about couldn’t find a job and also couldn’t work in any job. Even if they find a job, they complain about failing to achieve success. In public they try tonsay we don’t have any problems, meanwhile some clients don’t want to show their faces. This situation indicate that how intense the stigma is in the society. They mentioned about they have difficulty at transportation. They spoke of what they do in the their home, how they sped time. they spoke of coupled with their future plan and the general attitude of society. Mentioned about the loss of the disease on their lives. The names of our families and clients were not written because they had their own demands. They shared their own house, private life with us. For this reason big thanks to them. While we were showing the short film to them their reactions were like hole different short films and this is so imagional. If our labours could make awareness it is such a honor for us. We are believe in that this labours can be useful only in case of we shared this subject in public.We are thinking that we will reach more people’s awareness with your supports.
Considering the therapeutical and improving power on clients, psychosocial therapies are of important and there are so many quite significant outputs on the results.
Meena Gnanasekharan
Reach Psychiatry, India
Title: Incidence of depression in antenatal and postnatal women: A cross-section study in a private hospital setting in India
Time : 14:10-14:45
Biography:
Meena Gnanasekharan is an American Board Certified Psychiatrist, practicing Child, Adolescent and Adult Psychiatry. She has studied her MBBS at Madras Medical College, Chennai, India; Adult Psychiatry Residency at University of South, Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship at University of South Dakota, School Of Medicine. She specializes in the treatment of Mood Disorders (Major Depressive disorders and the Bipolar Spectrum), and Anxiety Disorders (including phobias, OCD and Social Anxiety disorders). She combines her knowledge and experience with empathy and applies an integrative model of treating the mind, body and spirit for optimal effectiveness.
Abstract:
Introduction: Worldwide approximately 13 percent of women experience post-partum depression. We are looking at a cross-section of women in a private Hospital setting in India. Depression is a mental health disorder often characterized by feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed. It can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems and can decrease a person’s ability to function at work and at home. Perinatal Depression affects nearly 1 in 10 women world over, between the ages of 18-35 years. Postpartum mood disorders affect not only the mothers but also their infants. Mothers undergoing perinatal depression are irritable and lose interest and motivation in their lives as well as in their new born.
Objective: The objective of the study is to present data on the prevalence of depression in the antenatal period compared to the postpartum period. The sample of fifty women in the antenatal period and fifty women in the postpartum period were selected from Cloudnine Hospitals, Bangalore, a private hospital setting.
Methods: The data was collected from these two groups of women using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) which will identify women who exhibit symptoms of depression in the antenatal and postpartum periods. The data collected was subjected to a descriptive statistical analysis. The means, SD and the t-value analysis of antenatal and postnatal were used to determine whether there is a significant difference in the prevalence of depression in antenatal and postnatal women.
Results: The results reveal that the prevalence of Depression in antenatal women is higher than that of postnatal women, contrary to popular belief. The results revealed that there is a difference in the means and the p-values between the two groups, which proves our hypothesis that there is a significant difference in the prevalence of depression in antenatal and postnatal women.
Saad Omar Al-Khateeb
Jeddah Psychiatric Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Title: School bullying
Time : 14:45-15:20
Biography:
Saad Omar Al-Khateeb is a senior child & adolescent psychiatric consultant, trained in United Kingdom. Examination board in psychiatry, diploma in child psychiatry for oversees doctor London University, Sept 1989. One of the founder of the Saudi board in psychiatry (post graduate degree). Member of the scientific
committee of the Saudi psychiatric international conference.
Abstract:
Objectives: To stress the importance of this phenomena & its prevalence and its consequence and possible measure to prevent it or at least minimize its effect aiming to improve the psychosocial health of our future generation.
Method: I reviewed all published data about this topic in English language in the last ten years both in Saudi Arabia and other countries both in pub med or other related research site. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Department of Education released the first USA federal uniform definition of bullying for research and surveillance. The core elements of the definition include unwanted aggressive behavior; observed or perceived power imbalance; and repetition of behaviors or high likelihood of repetition. There are many different modes and types of bullying. The current definition acknowledges two modes and four types by which youth can be bullied or can bully others. Electronic bullying or Cyberbullying involve electronic attacks that lead to the modification, dissemination, damage, or destruction of a youth’s privately stored electronic information. Some bullying actions can fall into criminal categories, such as harassment, hazing, or assault.
Prevalence : There is growing awareness of the problem of bullying, which may lead some to believe that bullying is increasing. However, studies suggest that rates of bullying may be declining. It still remains a prevalent and serious problem in today’s schools. Bullying is apparently prevalent in KSA, as is the case in other parts of the world, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), bullying has only been addressed very recently. Some large-scale epidemiological studies have been conducted in recent years and have provided national estimates for the prevalence of bullying.
eeluna , a national study addressing the health needs of adolescents in the KSA, found that 25% of students had reported being exposed to bullying within the past one month preceding the study. Males were more likely to engage in bullying compared to females (27.1% versus 22.7%). A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on a group of 542 clinical years' medical students in a Saudi medical school to explore students' perceptions of their
educational environment including exposure to different kinds of bullying.
Results: Revealed that more than one quarter (28.0%) of the surveyed students reported exposure to some sort of bullying during their clinical. 90% percent of the reported insults were verbal, 6% sexual and 4% physical. Males were more exposed but difference was not statistically significant. Young people who are perceived as different from their peers are often at risk for being bullied. Bullying affects all youth, including those who are bullied, those who bully others, and those who see bullying going on. Youth who bully can be either well connected socially or marginalized, and may be bullied by others as well. Similarly, those who are bullied sometimes bully others. Youth who both bully others and are bullied are at greatest risk for subsequent behavioral, mental health, and academic problems.
Conclusion: It was found that 21.5% of adults in KSA reported exposure to peer violence during their childhood, with males reporting this more often than females (28.2% versus 14.7%). And preventative measure will be highlighted including, the first anti-bullying campaign In KSA conducted by the National Family Safety Program (NFSP) in 2011.
Haytim Babatni
International Committee of the Red Cross, Switzerland
Title: Mental health services in Libya
Time : 15:20-15:55
Biography:
Haytim Babatni., is a board-certified psychiatrist with a certificate of additional qualifications in addiction psychiatry, a dedicated community psychiatrist with experience in public and private inpatient and outpatient settings, and an experienced psychiatric who continues active clinical practice with seriously mentally ill and dually diagnosed patients
Abstract:
Despite all the internal and external criticisms of mental health services in Libya, they remain underdeveloped across the country. The World Health Organization has made efforts to improve the country’s mental health services; however, until a stable government is formed, patients with mental illness will continue to be deprived of their basic needs.
Libya has a geographical area of just under 1 760 000 km2 and a population of around 6 155 000, according to the World Health Organization The country is in the upper middle-income group, with an annual gross domestic product (GDP) in 2013 of US$75.46 billion The total expenditure on health is only 3.9% of GDP .
Mental healthcare system:
The first general hospital which had a mental health unit was established in eastern Libya in 1950 at Al-Marj Khadini, a small town situated 100 km from Benghazi. The unit was under the supervision of one foreign doctor and a few unqualified nurses. However, in 1974 the first psychiatric hospital, Dar Al-Shafa, was created 15 km from Benghazi, with 200 beds .
Mental health services in Libya were woefully inadequate before and after the civil war following the Arab Spring of 2011. Some areas lack mental health services altogether. reported that per 100 000 population, the country had approximately 0.2 psychiatrists, 5 psychologists, 0.05 psychiatric nurses and 1.5 social workers. The number of psychologists is relatively high because it includes therapists, nurses and social workers interested in psychosocial interventions.
Specialisation:
There is no formal psychiatric training scheme for clinicians. Qualified doctors usually work as GPs and specialists at the same time, without having to go through a formal training programme such as for the MRCPsych.
Libya has a mental health policy but it is not clear when it was formulated. Libya is one of few Arab countries to have a mental health act; it came into effect in 1975 but has never been reviewed. However, in practice the act is rarely used; what happens is, rather, usually dictated by the family’s wishes and common law has also been used to detain people against their will.
Maria Lourdes de Vera
National Capital Region, Philippines
Title: Long term effects of abuse and violence on the children’s behaviour
Time : 15:55-16:30
Biography:
Maria Lourdes de Vera is an artist and an award winning author. She has written articles about child rearing and write books on the significance of creative art works for children. She is a registered Nurse specializing in Intensive Care Nursing. A former Clinical Instructor she handles Research as her main field of interest. Marilou is a licensed Professional Teacher and Psychologist with post graduates in Medical Surgical Nursing, Guidance and Counselling and Fine Arts.
She gives lectures to undergraduate and graduate school students in selected colleges and universities in the National Capital Region, Philippines.
Abstract:
Abuse and violence are a health risk among Children. It carries the potential of producing long and debilitating mental health problems that includes maladaptive behaviors, anxiety disorders, personality or relational issues.
This health issue requires equal importance as any other physiologic and physical disorder. It advocates the use of client centered or person-centered therapy. The child’s right to be respected for his views is necessary in the treatment and healing process. Every child is a human being having similar rights as any adults have. It includes their right to association with both parents, human identity, the provision of the basic needs for physical protection, food, universal state-paid education, health care, and criminal laws appropriate for the age and development of the child, equal protection of the child’s civil rights, and freedom. Prevention of a disruptive home environment is better than a whole system of cure. Abuse, whatever the nature is; physical, psychological or sexual according to Mullen and Fleming (1998) reveals a significant connection between a history of child abuse and a range of adverse outcomes both in childhood and adulthood. The important role of the family and community where the child is raised is stressed. This study describes coping mechanism, mental health wellbeing and functioning of an abused child.
Methodology: Respondents were randomly selected voluntary disclosure and client's request for counselling. Age range of the respondents were between 16 to 24 years old. The subjects were female, male and single. Subjects were repeatedly abused in their childhood. This Longitudinal Case Study advocates the use of a Rights based approach and person to person approach to directly address the underlying condition. The study seeks to determine the dynamics of the relationship between the child, the abuse and the perpetrator. what are the typical behaviour of a Child abused? What are the common difference between abuse, neglect and violent acts committed against the child? Was the act perpetuated with coercion or manipulation? Was it perpetuated cumulatively over a period of considerable time. Difficulty in relating and forming relationships due to severe and unresolved emotional trauma and scarring? Were emotional issues addressed? What are the child's coping mechanisms? Did the child receive any support from the Family? Is there any social support accessible to the child? What are the long term effect on the child’s behavior?
Results: Children where there is domestic violence regularly occurs in the home environment tend to suffer from emotional neglect and or violence if not physical abuse or neglect. Children from disruptive family environment tend to have communication and social skills issues. Children reported spousal violence in their home environment where there is persistence of domestic violence. More than Fifty-percent of child sexual offenders physically abused their adult female partner. Half of these males tend to physically abuse the partner's children. They also tend to sexually abuse children when the partner is not at home. Boys and girls who are sexually abused experience similar childhood trauma. Generally abused children experience trust issues and needs constant and consistent reassurance, the lack of healthy proper affectionate gestures renders them vulnerable to abusive relationships. Based on the data gathered there is a general tendency among victims of sexual abuse to experience difficulty in establishing intimacy in relationships. These children carry a significant issue with touch and close relationships. Finding the sense for emotional connectivity are among the life skills that are either under developed or must be re-learned. Most sexually subject are incest victims. The nature of therapy prioritize restoring a healthy self image. It focuses on a nondirective/authoritative, empathic approach that empowers and motivates the client within the therapeutic process. It encourages clients to get connected with their emotions, find meaning and guidance to make solutions based on their capacity to work out their issues.
Sam Vaknin
Southern Federal University, Russia
Title: Misdiagnosing personality disorders as anxiety disorders
Time : 16:50-17:20
Biography:
Sam Vaknin is a is Visiting Professor of Psychology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia and Professor of Finance and Psychology in CIAPS (Centre for International Advanced and Professional Studies). He is the Author of "Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited" and other books about personality disorders. His work is cited in hundreds of books and dozens of academic papers. He spent the past six years developing a treatment modality for Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD). Over the years with volunteers, it was found to be effective with clients suffering from a major depressive episode as well.
Abstract:
Anxiety is uncontrollable and excessive apprehension, a kind of unpleasant (dysphoric), mild fear, with no apparent external reason. Anxiety is dread in anticipation of a future menace or an imminent but diffuse and unspecified danger, usually imagined or exaggerated. The mental state of anxiety (and the concomitant hypervigilance) has physiological complements. It is accompanied by short term dysphoria and physical symptoms of stress and tension, such as sweating, palpitations, tachycardia, hyperventilation, angina, tensed muscle tone and elevated blood pressure (arousal). It is common for anxiety disorders to include obsessive thoughts, compulsive and ritualistic acts, restlessness, fatigue, irritability and difficulty concentrating. Patients with personality disorders are often anxious. Narcissists for instance, are preoccupied with the need to secure social approval or attention (narcissistic supply).
The narcissist cannot control this need and the attendant anxiety because he requires external feedback to regulate his labile sense of self-worth. This dependence makes most narcissists irritable. They fly into rages and have a very low threshold of frustration. Subjects suffering from certain personality disorders (e.g., Histrionic, Borderline, Narcissistic, Avoidant, Schizotypal) resemble patients who suffer from panic attacks and social phobia (another anxiety disorder). They are terrified of being embarrassed or criticized in public. Consequently, they fail to function well in various settings like social, occupational, interpersonal, etc.